ABSTRACT
Context: Although have been proven able to control the prevalence of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines are reported to have possible side effects on the heart. Aims: To know the magnitude of adverse events in the cardiac after messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based vaccination. Methods: An electronic search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Ebsco/Cinahl was performed. The keywords were: "COVID-19 vaccine”, "SARS-CoV-2 vaccine”, "myocarditis”, "myopericarditis”, "pericarditis”, "myocardial infarction”, and "myocardial injury”. The electronic search was updated until March 2022. STATA/MP Statistical Software: Release 14 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, Texas) was used in this study to perform a meta-analysis of a random-effect for myocarditis, pericarditis, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, and myocardial injury. Results: Twenty-one case reports/case series studies with a total of 62 individuals who had been vaccinated against COVID-19 mRNA (Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna) were included in the systematic review. Whereas seven observational cohort studies had 170,053,333 people who had been vaccinated, 245 of whom had myocarditis. In addition, two observational cohort studies with 13,948,595 vaccinated individuals, 16 of whom developed pericarditis. There was only one observational cohort study that had a total of 7,183,889 people who had been vaccinated and 11 had myopericarditis. Based on the pooled incidence, the result is <0.002%. Conclusions: The Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines have a low incidence of myocarditis. Men are more likely to develop post-COVID-19 myocarditis with an average age of 22 years and in the age range of 21-40 years. The type of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine that causes myocarditis the most is Pfizer. The diagnosis of myocarditis is mostly made by troponin examination. COVID-19 mRNA vaccination has a low incidence of myocarditis. © 2023 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in significant changes in the teaching and learning process. Teaching practices that have been taking place offline must change into online. This change also required us to re-examine students' readiness in learning, because student readiness is a crucial factor in the success of implementing the learning model that we have developed. Therefore, this exploratory survey aimed to investigate students' readiness to follow Guided Inquiry-Concept Mapping (GuICoM) class. The population in this study was 170 students of grade XI IPA at SMAN 1 Jombang, East Java Province, Indonesia. Furthermore, we selected one class (N = 34) that participated using cluster random sampling. They were asked to answer the questionnaire containing 25 items on five aspects of readiness (i.e., online learning, online interaction, classroom learning, study management, and learning flexibility). The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that students had a slightly high readiness to follow the GuICoM class. © 2023 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Misconceptions can be defined as a discrepancy between the concepts obtained and understood with scientific concepts stated by experts. This study aims to identify students' misconceptions about the movement system and circulation system material during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research was quantitative descriptive. The study was conducted on 506 students from 9 senior high schools in Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia in the even semester of the 2020-2021 school year. The sampling technique was simple random sampling. The results showed that in the movement system material, students had the highest percentage in the category of not understanding the concept (23.25%) which was included in the low category, while the circulation system material was 30.41% which was classified in the medium category. Furthermore, students who experience misconceptions in the movement system material get a percentage of 17.81% which is classified in the low category and the circulation system material is 26 38% which is classified in the low category. © 2023 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The implementation of online learning during the pandemic is a real challenge for teachers and students. Teaching and learning during the pandemic are carried out online so that students' learning rights can still be fulfilled. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of Lesson Study during the COVID-19 pandemic in online learning using Problem Based Learning (PBL) to increase student collaboration skills. The study was conducted using a mix-method design. Qualitative research was conducted to describe the online learning process by applying the Problem Based Learning model based on Lesson Study. Quantitative research is used to determine the collaboration skills of students obtained during learning. The participants in this study were 35 students of SMAN 2 Jember. The data collection technique was done by observation. The results showed that the application of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic using a problem-based learning model with Lesson Study was able to create conducive learning conditions and increase students' collaboration skills in the very strong category. © 2023 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.